-
1. Introduction to operating systems
While web developers primarily focus on coding web applications and front-end development, having a good grasp of operating systems is essential for ensuring the compatibility, security, performance, and reliability of their applications, as well as for troubleshooting and optimizing various aspects of web development.
-
2. Introduction to data networks
Networking is an integral part of web development because web applications rely on network communication to function. A solid understanding of networking concepts and practices is essential for building secure, performant, and reliable web applications.
-
3. The shell. Linux commands
Knowing Linux commands for a system administrator or even a software developer is of utmost importance because most servers run on a Linux or Unix operating system.
- 3.1 ls : showing files
- 3.2 file permissions
- 3.3 mkdir. Creating directories
- 3.4 rmdir. Deleting directories
- 3.5 Moving/renaming files and directories
- 3.6 Other commands
- 3.7 Mounting units
- 3.8 Daemons
- 3.9 What processes are running?
- 3.10 Who am I and where am I?
- 3.11 Files has its owner
- 3.12 Other commands
- 3.13 Users
- 3.14 The /etc/passwd file
- 3.15 The /etc/group file
- 3.16 Links
-
4. Shell script
In this chapter I want you to learn shell script but based on examples. Once you see the example I will propose another very similar one. If you do it and it works great, that means that not only do you understand the exercise but you are able to perform similar exercises. Keep in mind that with shell scripts you have to be patient. Misplaced whitespace can even cause a script to not work. If that happens, take a deep breath, be patient and persist, you will surely find the solution to the problem.
- 4.1. Your first shell script
- 4.2. Adding comments to your shell script
- 4.3. Variables in bash
- 4.4. Functions in bash
- 4.5 Conditional sentences
- 4.6. Repetitive sentences. Loops
- 4.7. Returning to functions
- 4.8. Arguments passed to a shell script.
- 4.9. Interaction with the user.
- 4.10. Using bash as a calculator
- 4.11. The expr command
- 4.12. What is the exit command and exit status?
- 4.13. File comparisons.
- 4.14. Comparisons of integers.
- 4.15. The shift command.
- 4.16. The let command and the arithmetic operators.
- 4.17. Logical operators.
- 4.18. The generation of random numbers.
- 4.20. C-style variables.
- 4.21. Menus in shell scripts.
- 4.22. Length of a string.
- 4.23. Finding out the numerical position of a substring in a string.
- 4.24. Extraction of a substring.
- 4.25. Deleting a substring.
- 4.26. Replacing a substring.
-
5. NETWORKING
5.3 What is latency?
When playing online, but also in daily work with the computer, the user expects a fast response time to his commands.
However, low latency is not always possible: long distances and other hardware and software issues can slow down the flow of data.
However, you can take concrete steps to reduce latency.
How to reduce or improve latency
One of the most important factors to achieve good latency is that there is a short distance between sender and receiver. This factor is managed through so-called Edge computing, in which a computer architecture is established that processes data as close as possible to its source. In addition to this, you can optimize your hardware and software to improve latency:
- When you are watching videos or playing online, try to select a Spanish or at least European server in the game or streaming platform settings.
- For high data intensity applications, use cable instead of wifi.
- Reduces the so-called packet loss due to the firewall. The firewall examines incoming packets and may even block them. This takes time and sometimes data is lost. To avoid this, you can configure the firewall indicating the pages and applications that do not require this check.
- Reduce the load on the cable to have more bandwidth for the application you are using: close the programs that are running in the background on your computer, put the rest of your devices (smartphone or tablet) temporarily in airplane mode and let the router prioritizes your computer. If you can, uninstall totally unnecessary programs from your computer.
- Make sure you have more RAM in your computer.